♟️How It Works

From User Action to Final Settlement in ≤ 3 Seconds

Chainova’s transaction flow leverages the components above to deliver high‑throughput, low‑cost and cross‑chain‑ready operations.

1. User Interaction – A gamer, trader or enterprise app signs a transaction via a Web2‑style wallet with gas abstraction; fiat on‑ramp converts if needed.

2. Shard Routing – The tx is automatically routed to the least‑loaded of 64 shards; light clients can pre‑verify using Merkle roots.

3. Block Proposal & Validation – A super‑node in the shard proposes the block; a rotating committee of DPoS validators signs, while PoA subnets can mirror the tx for private compliance.

4. BFT Finality – Once 2⁄3 signatures are reached, the block achieves Byzantine finality in ≈ 2.5 s; slashing enforces honest participation.

5. Parallel Execution & Roll‑up Compression – Non‑conflicting tx execute concurrently; optimistic roll‑ups batch state updates, cutting gas by up to 90 %.

6. Cross‑Chain Logic (Optional) – If the tx triggers cross‑chain activity, the TSS bridge locks assets and IBC/CCIP messages invoke remote contracts—settlement completes in one UX‑transparent flow.

7. Analytics & Alerts – Chainova Scanner ingests the event stream; real‑time dashboards update TPS, gas, liquidity flows and risk scores (< 5 s latency).

Result: users receive sub‑cent fees, ≤ 3 s confirmation and seamless access to 15+ blockchains—without noticing the underlying complexity.